Canine & Feline Blood Typing

Both the Canine blood typing and Feline blood typing (Alvedia) are easy-to-use in-clinic tests designed to determine the major immunoreactive blood types of dogs and cats. The tests use immunochromatography and monoclonal antibodies to DEA1.1 (dog) and the A and B blood group antigens (cat). These tests can be performed with as little as one mL of blood with results obtained within three minutes. Knowing the blood type of donors and recipients is important in transfusion medicine, in particular in cats where a mismatched blood transfusion can cause rapid death. Canine and feline blood typing tests are available individually (Quick Test) or in a pack of 20 (LabTest) Alvedia QuickTest - Canine & Feline Blood Typing Alvedia LabTest - Canine & Feline Blood Typing

Canine Crossmatch Test

Crossmatching aims to establish a serological compatibility between the recipient and the donor. The classical technology uses an agglutination reaction to detect allo antibodies produced after a previous transfusion and/or the naturally antibodies. Immuno-chromatographic technology detects the presence of immunoglobulin and/or C3 components binding to the red blood cells surface. It indicates an in vitro sensitization and can thus be used to indicate the presence of allo antibodies in pre-transfusion compatibility testing. This test also allows to detect circulating auto antibodies in the recipient. Alvedia LabTest - Canine Crossmatch Test

Equine Crossmatch Test

How to prevent severe equine transfusion reactions and neonatal isoerythrolysis? The simple solution is an in-house equine crossmatch test. The importance of crossmatching: Identifying a completely compatible donor is almost impossible with more than thirty RBC alloantigens in seven major blood groups (A, C, D, K, P, Q and U) identified in horses. The A, C and Q blood types are considered as the most immunogenic blood groups involved in transfusion reactions (especially Aa and Qa antigens). The most common indications for blood transfusions:

• Acute blood loss from trauma
• Ruptured uterine artery
• Coagulopathies
• Surgeries
• Guttural pouch mycosis
• Acute anemia
• Neonatal isoerythrolysis

In house reagents for a complete equine blood typing are not available yet, so major and minor cross matching of donors and recipients is currently the most effective way to perform a suitable transfusion. Mares may become sensitized as a result of exposure of a whole blood transfusion or previous pregnancies and can develop sufficient amount of antibodies to cause NI. Neonatal isoerythrolysis can be prevented by crossmatching the mare with the stallion prior to mating or in the month prior to foaling to evaluate the level of risk. Alvedia LabTest - Equine Crossmatch Test VISIT FOR 'HOW TO' GUIDES >> The Gamma Check tests provide a means for the rapid screening of immunoglobulin levels (mainly IgG) in colostrum, whole blood, or serum. The tests are based on the ability of glutaraldehyde to react with gammaglobulin. The occurrence of this reaction in blood, serum or colostrum causes a solid clot formation. This clot formation is the end point of the test and the time taken for the clot to form is inversely related to the amount of gammaglobulin present.

Gamma Check E

The Gamma Check E test is designed to be a rapid screening test for foals, using whole blood or serum. It was developed as a semi-quantitative means of measuring the foal’s IgG level. This test offers results within 5 minutes and can be done “mare side”. No special equipment is needed and the test can be run as early as 8 hours post-foaling allowing time for oral colostrum supplementation. A positive result indicates that the IgG level is greater or equal to 800 mg/dl. CAUTION: False positive results are occasionally seen when samples are hemolyzed or when a foal has a high fibrinogen level. If the foal is not healthy, we do not recommend using the test. As false negatives do occasionally occur, we do not recommend transfusing a foal with plasma based only on the results of the Gamma Check E test. If the foal tests negative, we suggest repeating the test using the Foal RID test for quantitative results.

Gamma Check C

The Gamma Check C test screens equine colostrum for “adequate” gamma globulin. In doing so, it provides a simple means of selecting only high quality colostrum for supplementation and banking. This test works on both fresh and thawed colostrum and provides results in 10 minutes with a solid clot indicating an IgG of 3800 mg/dl or greater. The test results also aid in identifying foals at risk for FPT, allowing time to implement preventative measures to protect the foal.

Gamma Check B

The Gamma Check B works very similar to the Gamma Check E test, but is designed for use on calves. The Gamma Check B is available in a 10 or 25 pack. Gamma Check E - Rapid Foal-Side Screening for Neonatal lgG Gamma Check B - Rapid Calf-Side Screening for Neonatal IgG The Gelmate Test Kit is for the detection of acute and chronic inflammation in farm animals. The higher the concentration of inflammatory proteins, mainly gammaglobulin and fibrinogen, the quicker the formation of a solid clot when whole blood is added to the reagent. The history of the patient is important as inflammation within a few weeks of testing may result in a positive Gelmate even if the problem has resolved. Examples of conditions causing elevations in inflammatory proteins: pleurisy, internal abscesses, peritonitis, traumatic reticuloperitonitis False readings can occur with severe anemia (excessive plasma) or severe dehydration (reduced plasma). The Gelmate Test Kit is available in a 10 or 25 pack. Gelmate Test Kit Information

Principles of Test

Single radial immunodiffusion tests are an accurate, quantitative means for measuring proteins in serum and other fluids. The Equine RID test has been developed to allow you to measure equine IgG easily, economically, and quickly. Serum is placed into wells in a radial immunodiffusion plate where it diffuses out into agar on the plate. This agar contains antibodies to the IgG in equine serum. After a few hours, because of antibody reacting with the IgG antigen, visible precipitation rings form in the agar. The diameter of these rings is related to the IgG concentration in the serum placed into the well. Using serum reference standards of known IgG concentration, the concentration of the IgG in a test serum can then be easily determined.

Contents of Kit

Each kit comprises: A) a radial immunodiffusion 24-well plate containing agar gel with antiserum to equine IgG dissolved in it, B) three equine reference sera of known IgG levels, C) graph paper with a measuring scale and instructions. (We do not include pipettes to measure out the 5ul test samples. Many laboratories and clinics have their own, but we can supply boxes of 100. These are capillary tubes with a plunger.)

Performance of the Test

When the kit is used for the first time, it is necessary to use the three reference sera to construct a graph from which future readings will be taken. This is done by allowing the plate to reach room temperature and, using the 5ul pipette, transferring 5ul of each reference sera and test samples to separate wells in the plate. After at least 24 hours, when the rings are visible, their diameters are measured using the mm scale. The best fit line is drawn through the three points from the reference sera and then the concentration of IgG in the test sample determined. In subsequent tests, it is not necessary to repeat all the reference samples. As long as one is used and the samples are left about the same amount of time, the results will be accurate if the reference chosen still lies on the graph line. The Equine RID test contains standards for IgG levels of three different specified concentrations. Used in combination with the Gamma-Check group of tests, the RID offers the ideal solution to accurately evaluate the foal with a low IgG level. Radial ImmunodiffusionTest for Equine IgG Flyer